疫情防控中妨害公务罪的法教义学解析

为了个人自由而抗拒防疫管控,是对国家公务活动正常秩序的公然侵犯,具有法益侵害性。对于妨害公务罪之"暴力、威胁",应结合其侵害法益、实务经验予以合理界定。参与疫情管控的基层工作人员能否作为妨害公务罪之对象,需根据司法解释的规定,紧扣从事疫情防控职权之公务性质深入分析。以暴力、威胁方法抗拒不当防疫措施的,因防疫执法之合法性丧失,不构成妨害公务罪。行为人对防疫执法行为合法性的认识错误,属于对构成要件的事实认识错误,阻却犯罪故意的成立。     

论隐性加班及其法律规制

管理和科技的进步促进了企业效率的提升，然而这非但没有使普通劳动者从烦冗的劳动中得到 解脱，反而加剧了隐性加班带来的困扰。在这一现象背后，劳动者在非工作时间依然持续地承受着工作上的负担, 使其个人生活逐渐陷入物化的处境，工作与生活之间的冲突日渐加剧。研究认为，在资本与科技的相互交织之下, 法定的工时标准及其民主管理方式逐渐被重塑和弱化，制度的漏洞又在现实中降低了加班的法律保障力度。这 些因素共同构成了隐性加班泛滥的成因。研究建议，对隐性加班的法律规制，应当以规范雇主权力的运行为核心, 妥善处理职工民主管理与企业劳动管理之间的关系，并确定合理的加班认定标准，从而促进劳动者工作与生活 的平衡。     

‘Fat cat’ lawyers and ‘illegal’ migrants: the impact of intersecting hostilities and toxic narratives on access to justice

ABSTRACT

This article examines how three spheres of hostility intersect to prevent effective access to justice for those living with insecure immigration status. The neoliberal governance model, the barren justice landscape and the hostile environment are supported by the cynical construction of the ‘fat cat’ lawyer and the toxic ‘folk devil’ narrative of the ‘bogus’ asylum seeker. To the extent that the judiciary have frustrated the more obvious, ideologically driven, attempts to restrict access to justice for migrants, the austerity predicated measures pursuant to the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LASPO) have completely altered the legal landscape. The analysis is informed by the findings of the ‘Legal advice and support for persons with insecure status’ project (hereafter LAPIS) in Nottingham which explores the challenges faced by service providers and the lived experiences of those with insecurity of status. It is clear that access to justice is a passport to the realisation of other rights, yet participants struggled to access a remedy because legal advice is too often out of reach.     

The Dark Sides of Artificial Intelligence: An Integrated AI Governance Framework for Public Administration

ABSTRACT

As government and public administration lag behind the rapid development of AI in their efforts to provide adequate governance, they need respective concepts to keep pace with this dynamic progress. The literature provides few answers to the question of how government and public administration should respond to the great challenges associated with AI and use regulation to prevent harm. This study analyzes AI challenges and former AI regulation approaches. Based on this analysis and regulation theory, an integrated AI governance framework is developed that compiles key aspects of AI governance and provides a guide for the regulatory process of AI and its application. The article concludes with theoretical implications and recommendations for public officers.     

Fact Checking is About What we Change not Just Who we Reach

This article explores how the UK’s fact-checking organisation Full Fact has sought to tackle misinformation since its inception in 2010. Full Fact describes itself as a ‘second generation’ fact-checking organisation with dual aims of seeking to stop the spread of specific pieces of inaccurate information and using the evidence base from fact checking to secure systemic changes that help make misinformation rarer and less harmful. Ultimately, we are pursuing culture change. We are trying to create institutions in societies that can help anchor public debate to reality and to challenge the casual acceptance of deceptive and misleading behaviour.     

新中国成立初期中国共产党领导政治建设取得的辉煌成就

新中国成立初期,中国共产党带领人民实现了从民族危难到民族独立的转变,并朝着民族复兴的目标阔步向前。在此阶段,我党始终坚守政治性这一根本属性,重视政治建设,于摸索中前进,于前进中总结。在推进新民主主义向社会主义过渡,并建设社会主义的过程中,中国共产党守正创新,领导中国人民逐步建立完善的政治制度体系;解放思想,正确看待社会主义矛盾问题;以人为本,巩固发展社会主义民主与法制;实事求是,坚持确立党和国家的领导制度。     

论法律的思想实践及其实践理性原则

法律的思想实践即主体以法律工程设计模型为对象而在自己的思想和观念中进行的以思想操作与思想实验为核心的思维实践活动。法律的思想实践是全部法律实践活动在逻辑上和事实上的真正起点。思想性、实践性、现实性、创造性、感性与理性的有机结合,是法律的思想实践的基本特点。合法性、正当性、合理性、客观性和逻辑一致性,则是法律的思想实践必须遵循的实践理性原则的核心原则。     

“法律监督机关”的立法内涵、演进逻辑及内在机理

“法律监督机关”是我国宪法对人民检察院的性质定位。1979年《人民检察院组织法》首次将“法律监督机关”法定化,立法内涵为注重法律监督下重建法制权威,是在中国检察理论和实践中形成的机关,侧重刑事诉讼监督和打击犯罪。1982年宪法使“法律监督机关”成为了宪法规范上的国家机关,基于宪法职能和诉讼制度改革而侧重于加强诉讼监督,并在监察体制改革下进行了自我更新,成为与监察委相互配合行使法律监督职能的机关。“法律监督机关”内涵演进的内在机理是人大体制下权力分工模式的必然要求,落实宪法规定的法律监督职能的重要选择,以及参与宪制层面政治体制改革的要求。“法律监督机关”概念内涵具有延展性,会随着立法修订和制度变迁衍生出新的内涵和解释,不断凸显中国特色社会主义检察理论的特性。     

苏轼权变思想及其司法实践

苏轼在强调遵守法律、尊重法律权威的同时,在司法实践中也采取了"法外权变"的特殊手段。这种看似突破法律的行为,恰恰是苏轼对法律的社会治理效果深入思考的体现,反应了苏轼对法律的深入认识。苏轼的权变思想源于其务实致用与以民为本的思想。他希望通过"法外权变"真正解决社会问题,而非不分缓急墨守成规。对于事关民生要害的案件即便突破法律规定也要尽快解决,避免更严重的后果。苏轼的这种权变思想,对当代的法治建设有着一定的参考作用。